Hormones play a major role in the body by acting as messengers. When there is a disruption in their functioning, doctors speak of hormonal disorders. Indispensable to the proper functioning of the body, we must pay attention to them if we want to avoid serious health problems. Hormonal imbalance occurs when one or the other hormone is produced in too much or in too little quantity by the corresponding glands. A hormonal imbalance can occur in all of us, men and women. Overweight, fluid retention, mood disorders, fatigue, difficult digestion (…) are symptoms that can result from a hormonal imbalance. Hormonal imbalance is a huge topic because it can involve a whole range of very different hormones. Hormones normally secreted by glands in our body are very numerous and have various effects on the functioning of organs. Hormones are normally secreted by so-called endocrine glands and are released into the bloodstream, to act on one or more target organs or tissues. For example, the ovaries release various hormones including estrogens which act in the menstruation cycle of women, but also on the skin, libido, mucous membranes, brain cells. As such a hormonal imbalance, and in particular, estrogen, has many repercussions on female cycles, the quality of the skin, libido, etc.

Impact of Hormonal Imbalance on Daily Life

A hormonal imbalance of the thyroid, parathyroid glands, ovaries, testes, pancreas, pituitary gland, adrenal will have their own specific repercussions: For example, a drop in thyroid hormones will cause constipation, fatigue, and depression. While an excess of cortisol (called Cushing’s syndrome) will cause hirsutism, acne, and high blood pressure. A hormonal imbalance can occur at any age, from childhood, but also in adulthood, and in old age. From birth, specific blood tests make it possible to detect possible congenital hypothyroidism and adrenal hyperplasia. During life, the secretion of hormones varies, so in women, at menopause, the secretions of estrogen and progesterone decrease sharply. If this causes some inconvenience, we cannot really speak of hormonal imbalance, since all this is perfectly normal, physiologically speaking.

Symptoms of Hormonal Imbalance

A hormonal imbalance can cause all kinds of symptoms. However, sometimes this imbalance may not cause any problem whatsoever. This is the case, for example, with diabetes which, at an early stage, does not give rise to any particular clinical manifestation. Other times, the symptoms are quite apparent. But these manifestations are not necessarily typical, specific to a hormonal imbalance. And the diagnosis can be difficult. Thus, fatigue, the feeling of being cold, a heart that beats slowly, irregular heartbeats… can be the symptoms of hypothyroidism. Hot flashes can be a sign of low estrogen in women, etc.

Signs affecting the skin can be symptoms of a hormonal imbalance: such as loss of eyebrow in case of hypothyroidism, or particular pigmentation of the skin, in case of insufficient functioning of the adrenal glands. Too much hair (hirsutism) and acne can be symptoms of Cushing’s syndrome or polycystic ovary syndrome. Thus, the symptoms of hormonal imbalance are diverse and different depending on the hormone in question. The different combinations of symptoms can enlighten a healthcare professional about a probable hormonal imbalance. Here are some of the more common symptoms, but there can be many more:

• Loss of libido
• Hair loss or increase
• Tiredness
• Acne
• Dry skin
• Very fine hair
• Brittle or ridged nails
• Constipation and other digestive problems
• Sleep disorders: difficulty falling asleep, insomnia, or on the contrary inability to go to bed late
• Anxiety
• Mood disorders
• Vaginal dryness
• Erectile dysfunction
• Frequent feeling of cold
• Slow beating heart
• Excessive sweating
• Unexplained weight gain or loss
• Pallor
• Pockets under the eyes
• Memory loss
• Coordination disorders
• Dizziness
• Hypersensitivity
• Aggressiveness

People Most Affected by Hormonal Imbalance

Hormonal imbalance can occur at any time of life, regardless of the age and sex of the person concerned. However, some people are more likely to suffer from a hormonal imbalance:

• Newborns: Some are born with congenital conditions that require early intervention.
• Teens: During puberty, hormonal changes can lead to temporary imbalances.
• Pregnant or breastfeeding women: Fluctuating hormone levels are a natural part of these stages.
• Women in premenopause and menopause: Estrogen and progesterone levels drop, causing various symptoms.
• Older adults: Natural hormone decline can lead to imbalances.

Treatment of Hormonal Imbalance

Once the diagnosis has been established, and the cause of the hormonal imbalance has been defined, treatments for the latter can be implemented. Treatments for hormonal imbalances may be based on medication.

• Hypothyroidism: Treatment with thyroid hormones will be prescribed.
• Diabetes: Treatment consists of applying dietary rules often associated with taking medication (sometimes with injections of insulin, the hormone that regulates blood sugar).
• Sex gland imbalances: If affecting the ovaries, estrogen-based contraception or hormone replacement therapy may be necessary (in case of early menopause, or if menopause is responsible for hot flashes, for example).
• Tumors: If a tumor is causing an exaggerated secretion of hormones, surgery on the tumor may be necessary.
• Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS): Treatment often includes lifestyle changes such as diet and exercise, and sometimes medication to manage symptoms like insulin resistance or irregular periods.

Complementary Therapies

In addition to conventional treatments, some individuals find relief through complementary therapies. Acupuncture, herbal supplements, and meditation can sometimes play a supportive role, although it’s crucial to discuss these with a healthcare provider to avoid interactions with prescribed medications.

Prevention of Hormonal Imbalance

There is no known way to effectively prevent the onset of hormonal imbalance. However, experts encourage everyone to do the following:

• Eat a balanced diet: Focus on whole foods, rich in fiber, lean proteins, and healthy fats.
• Exercise regularly: Regular physical activity helps maintain a healthy weight and reduces stress.
• Manage stress: Techniques such as yoga, meditation, and deep-breathing exercises can help.
• Avoid abuse of all kinds: This includes reducing alcohol consumption and avoiding recreational drugs.
• Eliminate smoking: Tobacco use can disrupt hormone levels and exacerbate symptoms.

Lifestyle Changes for Hormonal Balance

Implementing certain lifestyle changes can help maintain hormonal balance or mitigate the severity of imbalances:

Diet and Nutrition

• Increase Omega-3 Fatty Acids: Found in fatty fish and flaxseeds, these can help reduce inflammation and balance hormones.
• Limit Sugar and Refined Carbs: These can increase insulin resistance and exacerbate hormonal imbalances.
• Stay Hydrated: Adequate water intake supports all bodily functions, including hormone production and balance.

Physical Activity

• Strength Training: Helps increase muscle mass, which can improve insulin sensitivity.
• Cardiovascular Exercise: Supports heart health and can help regulate stress hormones like cortisol.

Sleep

• Prioritize Sleep: Aim for 7-9 hours per night. Poor sleep can disrupt several hormones, including insulin and stress hormones.
• Establish a Routine: Going to bed and waking up at the same time daily can help regulate the body’s internal clock.

Mental Health

• Mindfulness Practices: Incorporating mindfulness can reduce stress and its impact on hormone levels.
• Therapy and Support Groups: Counseling can be beneficial, especially during major life transitions like menopause.

Real-Life Examples and Case Studies

Consider Jane, a 45-year-old woman experiencing hot flashes and mood swings. Upon testing, her doctor confirmed low estrogen levels indicative of perimenopause. Jane’s treatment plan included hormone replacement therapy (HRT) alongside dietary adjustments to include more phytoestrogens, like soy and flaxseed. Her symptoms improved significantly within three months.

Another example is Tom, a 50-year-old man experiencing fatigue and weight gain. His tests showed low testosterone levels. After starting testosterone replacement therapy and incorporating weight lifting into his routine, Tom reported higher energy levels and improved muscle mass.

Common Mistakes and How to Avoid Them

• Ignoring Symptoms: Many people dismiss symptoms like fatigue or mood swings as just “part of life.” It’s important to seek medical advice if you suspect a hormonal imbalance.
• Self-Diagnosis: With the plethora of information online, it’s tempting to self-diagnose. However, only a healthcare professional can provide an accurate diagnosis.
• Relying Solely on Supplements: While supplements can support health, they should not replace prescribed treatments. Always consult a healthcare provider before starting any new supplement.

Seeking Professional Help

If you suspect a hormonal imbalance, the first step is to consult a healthcare professional. They’ll likely recommend various tests, such as blood or urine tests, to measure your hormone levels accurately. From there, you can discuss potential treatment options tailored to your specific needs. Remember, early intervention can prevent complications and improve quality of life.

By taking proactive measures and seeking appropriate treatment, managing a hormonal imbalance becomes significantly more achievable. Whether through medical intervention, lifestyle changes, or a combination of both, you can work towards achieving a more balanced state and improving your overall wellbeing.