Recurrent canker sores, also called recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS), are a common oral condition that can cause discomfort and pain for many individuals. These small, painful ulcers can develop on the inside of the lips, cheeks, gums, or under the tongue. While the exact cause of canker sores is still not fully understood, various factors can contribute to their development.
Causes of Canker Sores
One of the primary causes of recurrent canker sores is believed to be an immune system response. When the immune system mistakenly attacks the tissues in the mouth, it can lead to the formation of these ulcers. Other potential triggers include stress, hormonal changes, vitamin deficiencies (especially B12, zinc, and iron), food sensitivities, oral trauma, and bacterial infections.
Treatments for Recurrent Canker Sores
While canker sores can be painful and bothersome, they often resolve on their own within one to two weeks. However, there are several treatment options available to help alleviate symptoms and promote healing. Over-the-counter topical medications containing ingredients like benzocaine or hydrocortisone can provide temporary pain relief. Rinsing with salt water or baking soda solution can help reduce inflammation and promote healing.
In more severe cases or for individuals experiencing frequent outbreaks, a dentist or healthcare provider may prescribe corticosteroids or antimicrobial mouthwashes. Certain dietary supplements such as vitamin B12, zinc, and iron may also be recommended to address underlying deficiencies that could be contributing to canker sore development.
It is essential to practice good oral hygiene to prevent infections that may exacerbate canker sores. Avoiding spicy or acidic foods that may irritate the ulcers can also help in the healing process. Managing stress levels through relaxation techniques, meditation, or exercise can reduce the frequency of canker sore outbreaks as stress is a known trigger. Keeping a food diary to identify potential triggers, maintaining a balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains, and getting regular dental check-ups to detect any oral health issues early can significantly contribute to preventing recurrent oral ulcers and overall oral health.
